The concept of sexual orientation identity first began to emerge in the scientific literature during the late nineteenth century. By the 1970's, as part of the strengthening perception of ‘homosexuals’ as a minority group, increasing numbers of individuals began to openly identify themselves as ‘a homosexual’ and to adopt a self-identity of ‘homosexual’. Identity formation was seen to be either part of, or identical to, ‘coming out’, a narrative which focused on the juxtaposition between minority and majority status, and between public and private expressions of self-identity.
In the 1970s, the popular literature became replete with ‘coming out’ exposes, followed in time within the scientific literature by theories of ‘homosexual’ identity formation. While there have been voices critical of the concept of ‘identity’, it has largely received acceptance as a useful tool in understanding human experience. Numerous studies of gay and lesbian identity have been carried out, frequently using one or other of the theoretical models of identity formation as their base, and counsellors/clinicians have been guided by the models as they worked with clients struggling with so-called ‘identity issues’. However, as the world changes in significant ways, bringing more positive attitudes towards gay and lesbian people and the breaking down of social and cultural boundaries, we need to review the place of the identity concept in the twenty-first century. Do these changes, for example, herald a shift in the way sexual orientation identities are experienced, expressed or conceived? Are the models of gay and lesbian identity formation still relevant or useful? Do we, in fact, need the notion of sexual orientation identities in order to understand individuals in today’s world? This paper will address these issues.
Conflict of Interest: None disclosed
Financial Support/Funding: None disclosed
Recorded: Sydney, Australia, April 2007
more about this speaker
